{"id":147,"date":"2022-02-10T13:57:00","date_gmt":"2022-02-10T11:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mosaiics.astro.bas.bg\/?p=147"},"modified":"2022-08-22T17:00:50","modified_gmt":"2022-08-22T14:00:50","slug":"early-acceleration-and-transport-of-solar-energetic-protons","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mosaiics.astro.bas.bg\/?p=147","title":{"rendered":"Early Acceleration and Transport of Solar Energetic Protons"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>The solar corona between below 10 solar radii is an important region for early acceleration and transport of solar energetic particles (SEPs) by coronal mass ejection-driven shock waves. There, these waves propagate into a highly variable dynamic medium with steep gradients and rapidly expanding coronal magnetic fields, which modulates the particle acceleration near the shock\/wave surfaces, and the way SEPs spread into the heliosphere. In a recently published study (<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fspas.2022.801429\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fspas.2022.801429<\/a>) in the journal <strong>Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences (IF 3.494)<\/strong>, we have modeled the acceleration of SEPs in global coronal shock events in the corona, as well as their transport to 1 au, based on telescopic observations coupled with dynamic physical models. We first studied the interaction of observed off-limb coronal bright fronts (CBF) with the coronal plasma, based on interactions of geometric shock models with steady-state magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulations. We then simulated the SEP acceleration in an analytical diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) model. The simulated fluxes are used as time-dependent inner boundary conditions for modeling the particle transport to 1 au. Resulting flux time series are compared with 1 au observations for validation in the figure below.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/hmFH8ZwDr1FBVjXBw8s_nIpnYMydbIamJaEIsNI7uglfz7Bx3mMdiGUs21zHCDSrCD2X9cGdFo7n35UBL8ht2u53b-EVllT5QVZvu9gthz-2BVB0yq3ubSG79FyYwZ71w_mEWAWN39o\" style=\"width: 800px;\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Summary of the work on energetic proton acceleration. <strong>Panels 1<\/strong> and <strong>2<\/strong> show dynamic spectra of the observed and modeled energetic protons at 1 au, for a single SEP event. <strong>Panel 3<\/strong> is a scatter plot showing the statistical relationship between observed and modeled proton power law spectral index. <strong>Panel 4<\/strong> shows the statistical relationship between the event onsets in the observations and simulations.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The solar corona between below 10 solar radii is an important region for early acceleration and transport of solar energetic particles (SEPs) by coronal mass ejection-driven shock waves. There, these waves propagate into a highly variable dynamic medium with steep gradients and rapidly expanding coronal magnetic fields, which modulates the particle acceleration near the shock\/wave<\/p>\n<p class=\"more-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/mosaiics.astro.bas.bg\/?p=147\" class=\"themebutton\">Read More<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mosaiics.astro.bas.bg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mosaiics.astro.bas.bg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mosaiics.astro.bas.bg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mosaiics.astro.bas.bg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mosaiics.astro.bas.bg\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=147"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/mosaiics.astro.bas.bg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":148,"href":"https:\/\/mosaiics.astro.bas.bg\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147\/revisions\/148"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mosaiics.astro.bas.bg\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=147"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mosaiics.astro.bas.bg\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=147"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mosaiics.astro.bas.bg\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=147"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}